Ubizwa ngokuthini umshini wokulawula we-excavator?

Isistimu yokulawula i-hydraulic ishayela izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-excavator-okuhlanganisa i-boom, i-dipper arm, nebhakede{1}}ngokulawula ukugeleza kwe-hydraulic fluid kanye nokucindezela, ukunika amandla ukunyakaza okunembile nokunamandla. Isistimu yokulawula ugesi icubungula imiyalo ka-opharetha ibe amasignali kagesi, abe esevula amavalvu e-solenoid esistimu ye-hydraulic ukuze alawule ukunyakaza okuqondile. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwazo zombili izinhlelo kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-excavator iletha ukusebenza okuhle kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza.

Ukwakheka nemisebenzi ewumongo yedivayisi yokulawula

Isistimu yokulawula ye-excavator iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile: isistimu ye-hydraulic kanye nesistimu kagesi, esebenza ngokuhambisana ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle. Ngokukhethekile, isistimu ye-hydraulic ihlinzeka ngamandla ngenkathi isistimu kagesi iphatha ukucubungula isignali kanye nokudluliswa komyalo. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisana ngaphandle komthungo: imiyalo yomsebenzisi ikhishwa ngekhodi futhi idluliselwe ngesistimu kagesi ngaphambi kokuthi isetshenziswe isistimu ye-hydraulic ukushayela izingxenye zemishini. Lokhu kugeleza komsebenzi okudidiyelwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-excavator ingakwazi ukuqedela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ngokunemba nangokunembile.

I-HydraulicIsistimu yokulawula

Amasistimu okulawula ama-hydraulic adlala indima ebalulekile kuma-excavators. Ngokulawula kahle ukugeleza kwe-hydraulic fluid kanye nokucindezela, bashayela ngokuqondile izingxenye zokusebenza ezibalulekile njengezingalo ze-boom namabhakede ukuze benze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Isibonelo, lapho wehlisa izisetshenziswa zokulawula, isistimu ye-hydraulic isebenzisa ama-valve athile kanye namasu okulawula ukulawula ukugeleza koketshezi nokucindezela, iqinisekisa ukwehla okushelelayo kwe-boom noma ibhakede. Lawa masistimu awalethi nje kuphela ukusebenza okunamandla kodwa futhi agcina ukunemba kokusebenza nokuzinza ngokulungisa{3}}kakuhle. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlelo zokulawula ama-hydraulic kwenza opharetha bafeze imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kalula, bathuthukise kokubili ukusebenza kahle kanye nekhwalithi yomsebenzi. Ukwengeza, lezi zinhlelo zingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo nezimfuneko zokusebenza ezihlukene, okuvumela abembayo ukuthi bazivumelanise nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, amasistimu okulawula ama-hydraulic abamba ukubaluleka okungenakuthathelwa indawo emisebenzini ye-excavator.

isilawuli sikagesiuhlelo

Uhlelo lokulawula ugesi lusebenza njengesisekelo se-excavator intelligence. Yakhelwe phezu kwezilawuli ezikhethekile njenge-EC-7, ihlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi yokuthola izinzwa namandla okulawula i-actuator. Lezi zinzwa zinika amandla ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kwezingxenye ezibalulekile njengezinjini namaphampu asebenza ngogesi, idatha idluliselwe emuva kusilawuli. Isilawuli sibe sesilawula ngobuhlakani isivinini senjini kanye nokuphuma kwepompo ye-hydraulic ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms asethiwe ngaphambili, sithuthukisa ukusebenza komshini kukonke nokusebenza kahle. Ukwengeza, uhlelo lucubungula imiyalo ehlukahlukene yokusebenza, iqinisekisa ukudluliswa okunembayo nokusheshayo kuma-actuator ahambisanayo ukuze ulawule umshini onembile. Ifakwe amasistimu okulawula ugesi ahlakaniphile, abambiwayo bathola ukunemba okuthuthukisiwe emisebenzini yokwakha kanye nokunethezeka komsebenzisi ngezici ezifana nokufanisa amandla, ukumba okusizayo, ukuvikelwa kwesisindo nokuphepha, ukuhlonzwa kwephutha, nokuphatha kude. Lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe akuthuthukisi nje ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kodwa futhi kunciphisa izinga lokuhluleka, kuletha izinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho kubasebenzisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinika amandla ukuqapha nokunakekelwa okukude, okwenza ukuphathwa kwe-excavator kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle. Ngakho-ke, isistimu yokulawula ugesi imele isiqondiso esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuhlakani be-excavator kanye nesici esibalulekile emqhudelwaneni wezobuchwepheshe wesikhathi esizayo.

Kafushane, amasistimu okulawula amanzi kanye nogesi adlala indima ebalulekile kuma-excavators, ngalinye lenza imisebenzi ehlukile ngenkathi ligcina ukusebenzisana okuseduze. Isistimu ye-hydraulic ishayela wonke ama-actuator ngokudluliswa kwengcindezi enembile, iqinisekisa ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokunamandla kwemishini. Ngaleso sikhathi, uhlelo lukagesi lulawula ngobuhlakani ukusebenza ngokucutshungulwa kwesignali ye-elekthronikhi, luthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokunemba. Lawa masistimu ahambisanayo akha isisekelo esibalulekile sokulawula ukunemba okuphumelelayo, okuvumela abavubukuli ukuthi balethe ukusebenza okuvelele kuzo zonke izimo zokusebenza eziyinselele ezihlukahlukene.

Ukulawula ukhiyeamadivaysiukuqhathanisa

Amasistimu kagesi kanye ne-hydraulic awazona izinhlangano ezizimele kodwa axhumene eduze. Isistimu kagesi ilawula ngokunembile ukuvuleka/ukuvala kwamavalvu e-solenoid ukuze kulawule ukugeleza koketshezi kumasekhethi asebenza ngogesi, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe imodeli yokulawula "ye-electro-hydraulic integration" edidiyelwe kakhulu. Le ndlela yokulawula yamukelwa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo. Isibonelo esijwayelekile inhlanganisela ye-organic ye-Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) kanye nezingxenye ze-hydraulic kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene okuqeqesha. Ngalokhu kuhlanganiswa, ama-PLC angakwazi ukulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-hydraulic ngokusekelwe emiyalweni yohlelo olusethiwe, iqinisekise ukusebenza kwesistimu okuphumelelayo nezinzile.

Iziphetho eziyinhloko

Uhlelo lokulawula i-excavator iyipulatifomu eyingxube ehlanganisa ama-hydraulic actuators kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula zikagesi. Iyunithi ye-hydraulic iletha ukuphuma kwamandla aqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kuzo zonke izindawo ezihlukene, kuyilapho isistimu kagesi isebenzisa izinto zikagesi ezithuthukisiwe nama-algorithms ahlakaniphile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba nobuhlakani, okuvumela ukusebenza okunembayo nokusebenza kahle. Lezi zinhlelo ezimbaxambili zisebenza ngokuhambisana ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo{2}}zokusebenza kahle nokumba okuphephile, okuhlinzeka ngosekelo oluqinile lwenqubekelaphambili yesiza sokwakha. Uma ubheka phambili, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yobuchwepheshe, amasistimu okulawula ama-excavator azothuthukela ekuzishintsheni okugcwele kanye nokusebenza okungenamuntu. Lokhu kuqhubekela phambili kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle nokuphepha, kuqhubekisele phambili imboni yemishini yokwakha ifinyelele emazingeni aphezulu okusebenza kahle.

Isistimu yokulawula i-hydraulic isebenza ngokuxhumanisa okunembile kwezingxenye eziningi. Njengomthombo wamandla, iphampu ye-hydraulic iguqula amandla emishini ibe amandla adonsa kanzima, inikeze ukunikezwa kukawoyela ocindezelayo okuqhubekayo nokuzinzile. Ngesikhathi sokuphakanyiswa kwe-boom, uwoyela ocindezelayo usatshalaliswa nge-valve eyinhloko ukuya kusilinda se-boom. Ukulawula ukugeleza kufinyelelwa ngokulungisa ukuvuleka kwe-valve, okuvumela ukulawulwa okunembile kwejubane lokuphakamisa i-boom. Ngezenzo ezihlanganisiwe ezifana nokuphakanyiswa kwe-boom kanyekanye nokushwibeka kwebhakede, isistimu inikezela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukugeleza-kubuchwepheshe benzwa, iqinisekisa ukusebenzisana ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke izixhumi. Idizayini evaliwe{6}}yeluphu igcina ingcindezi ezinzile ngepompo-eyakha phezulu, kuyilapho ivalvu eshaywayo ishintsha ngezikhathi ezithile esikhundleni sikawoyela we-hydraulic ukuvimbela ukushisa nokungcoliswa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, eyakhelwe{9}kukuvikela ukugcwala ngokweqile{10}kulayishwa{10}}izingxenye ze-hydraulic ukuvikela umonakalo. Lelisu lokulawula{12}}elinezendlalelo eziningi livumela isistimu ukuthi ilethe ukusunduza kwamakhulu amathani kuyilapho ifinyelela ukunemba kweleveli yemilimitha{13}}, ihlangabezana ngokugcwele nezimfuneko zama-excavators zokunemba ekunyakazeni komhlaba, ekubhidlizeni, nakweminye imisebenzi.

Sawubona, ngingu-Jason Wang, umbhali walokhu okuthunyelwe. Sinesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ekuhlinzekeni ngezingxenye ze-excavator, sinikeza{2}}izingxenye zekhwalithi ephezulu kumabhizinisi emazweni angaphezu kuka-50 emhlabeni jikelele. Kusukela ezitolo ezincane zokukhanda kuya kubasabalalisi abakhulu, amakhasimende ethu athembele kithi ukuze athole izingxenye eziqinile nezinembayo zokumba ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zomkhakha. Uhlu lwethu olubanzi lomkhiqizo luhlanganisa ama-excavator couplings, izimbobo zenjoloba, izakhi zamanzi, izihlungi, izingxenye zikagesi, izingxenye ezithwala ngaphansi kwenqola, nokunye, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo namamodeli. Noma ngabe okokwakha, ezezimayini, ezolimo, noma izicelo zemishini esindayo, izingxenye zethu zakhelwe ukumelana nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile nempilo ende yesevisi.

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